Manitoba Nephrology Nurse Practice Test

Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with Metabolic Acidosis?

1. Anorexia

2. Muscle wasting

3. Hypertension

4. Hypoalbuminemia

The correct answer is: Hypertension

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in the body's pH due to an increase in acid production or a loss of bicarbonate. It can present with several symptoms, reflecting the body's attempts to compensate for the acid-base imbalance. Anorexia, muscle wasting, and hypoalbuminemia are all symptoms that can frequently arise in the context of metabolic acidosis. Anorexia is common as the body may suppress appetite in response to illness or the metabolic state. Muscle wasting can occur due to ongoing catabolic processes stimulated by the acidosis. Hypoalbuminemia can result from liver dysfunction or increased capillary permeability, often seen in patients with severe metabolic conditions, leading to protein loss and malnutrition. In contrast, hypertension is generally not associated with metabolic acidosis. While there may be exceptions related to underlying conditions, such as renal disease, the direct symptoms of metabolic acidosis do not typically include elevated blood pressure. In fact, metabolic acidosis can lead to decreased vascular resistance, which can result in hypotension rather than hypertension. Understanding these relationships is crucial for effective monitoring and management in nephrology.