Manitoba Nephrology Nurse Practice Test

What is the most common form of Glomerular Nephritis worldwide?

1. Goodpasture's syndrome

2. IgA nephropathy

3. Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis

4. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

The correct answer is: IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy, also known as Berger's disease, is recognized as the most prevalent form of glomerular nephritis globally. This condition often arises when IgA antibodies accumulate in the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, which are the kidney's filtering units. The prevalence of IgA nephropathy is particularly noted in regions such as Asia, where it is commonly diagnosed in both adults and children. While other forms of glomerular nephritis, like Goodpasture's syndrome and postinfectious glomerulonephritis, can occur with significant clinical consequences, they are less frequently encountered in the general population. For instance, Goodpasture's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that specifically attacks the kidneys and lungs, while postinfectious glomerulonephritis typically follows infections, such as strep throat, and is more common in specific, acute situations. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), though serious and leading to kidney failure, is also not as commonly diagnosed as IgA nephropathy. The high incidence and widespread recognition of IgA nephropathy in various populations contribute to its status as the most common form of glomerular nephritis worldwide. Understanding its