Manitoba Nephrology Nurse Practice Test

What is the inflammatory response that follows the deposition of immune complexes in the glomerular capillaries in Systemic Lupus Erythematosis?

1. Autoimmunity

2. Nephritis

3. Glomerulonephritis

4. Fibrosis

The correct answer is: Glomerulonephritis

The process that occurs after the deposition of immune complexes in the glomerular capillaries in Systemic Lupus Erythematosis leads to glomerulonephritis. When immune complexes accumulate in the glomeruli, they trigger an inflammatory response. This inflammation arises because the body's immune system recognizes these complexes as foreign, leading to the activation of complement proteins and the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the site. This inflammatory reaction results in damage to the glomerular filtration barrier, contributing to changes in kidney function, such as proteinuria (presence of excess protein in urine) and hematuria (blood in urine). Over time, if untreated or if the underlying systemic condition is not adequately managed, this inflammatory process can lead to chronic kidney damage, sustained nephron loss, and potentially renal failure. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for nephrology practice, as it emphasizes the importance of early recognition and management of glomerulonephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus to prevent further kidney damage and preserve renal function.