What are 4 typical clinical symptoms of AKI?

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function, leading to a build-up of waste products in the blood. The presence of elevated urea and creatinine levels is a fundamental aspect of diagnosing AKI, as these are waste products normally excreted by the kidneys. When kidney function is impaired, the filtration process is affected, resulting in these substances accumulating in the bloodstream. An increase in potassium, known as hyperkalemia, is also common in AKI due to the kidneys' inability to excrete potassium effectively. This can lead to serious complications, including arrhythmias.

The combination of elevated urea, creatinine, and potassium is a classic triad that signals impaired kidney function and is crucial for identifying AKI in clinical practice. Therefore, recognizing these elevated levels is essential for proper diagnosis and management of AKI.