Manitoba Nephrology Nurse Practice Test

The necessity for renal replacement therapy is primarily indicated by a significant decline in kidney function, particularly in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD). When kidneys lose the ability to adequately filter waste products and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, this can lead to life-threatening complications such as metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, and uremic symptoms.

In cases of chronic kidney disease, monitoring renal function through glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and other markers helps determine when a patient reaches a point where their kidneys can no longer sustain physiological needs. At this critical juncture, renal replacement therapy, which may include dialysis or kidney transplantation, becomes essential to manage the patient’s health and prevent serious health risks associated with renal failure.

While acute kidney injury may require intervention, full recovery in these cases does not normally necessitate renal replacement therapy. Frequent urinary tract infections can indicate an underlying issue but do not, in isolation, warrant renal replacement therapy. Successful kidney transplantation is a treatment option rather than a sign that immediate therapy is needed, as it signifies that the patient has moved beyond the need for dialysis or similar interventions.