Manitoba Nephrology Nurse Practice Test

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often require specific dietary restrictions to help manage their condition and prevent further kidney damage. The correct answer emphasizes the need for reduced intake of protein, potassium, and phosphate.

In CKD, the kidneys are less able to filter waste products from protein metabolism, which can lead to an accumulation of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood. Reducing protein intake helps to decrease the burden on the kidneys and can help manage symptoms and complications associated with kidney dysfunction.

Potassium is another critical mineral that patients with CKD need to monitor closely. As kidney function declines, the body's ability to excrete potassium diminishes, leading to hyperkalemia, which can be life-threatening and result in serious cardiac complications. Thus, managing potassium intake through dietary adjustments becomes essential.

Phosphate, similarly, tends to accumulate in patients with CKD due to impaired kidney function. Elevated phosphate levels can lead to various complications, including bone disease and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, limiting phosphate intake is crucial in managing CKD.

Overall, the dietary modifications of reducing protein, potassium, and phosphate are instrumental in managing CKD and improving patient outcomes.